How to grow green chilli plant from seeds

All about growing chillies in your garden/nursery

Chilli is one of the commonly used ingredients in various curries, pickles, chutneys etc. Chillies can be used in dried form, and even frozen, but for some recipes, it is best to have them fresh and nothing is fresher than obtaining them right from your garden. Grow chillies in your garden or as indoor plants and make your food spicy with fresh chillies. Here are some of the steps to grow chillies easily.

5 Steps to grow green chilli at your home

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Step 1: Choose the best time to grow

Green chilli grows well in the warm environment. It requires 18 to 20-degree Celsius temperature. They grow neither in cold weather nor at high temperature.

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Step 2: Sowing chilli seeds

You can sow in a seedling tray or directly can sow to land or pots which has drainage holes.

If you are sowing in a tray then sow 2 to 3 seeds to the same cell so that you can transplant the healthiest plant of the same cell.

Fill the tray with organic soil. Sow seeds 1/4 inch deep into the soil and cover seeds with soil or potting mix. Compress it by hand.

If you are sowing in land or pots maintain 2 to 3 inches space between the seeds.

Spray water frequently to make it moist and make sure not to over water it.

Keep the tray inside or outside depending the temperature. And ensure that it should get a minimum of 5 to 6 hours of sunlight daily.

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Step 3:  Germination of green chilli seeds

Chilli seeds will start to germinate in 7 to 10 days. Keep the soil moist by spraying water. And it should get enough sunlight.

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When your seedlings have 4 leaves then you need to transplant to garden or big pots.

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Care for germinated plants

Watering: Water your small plants frequently depending on the season. Keep the soil moist.

Fertilizers: If you feel your plants are not growing well then add organic fertilizers to the potting mix.

Step 4: Transplant green chilli plants or chilli pepper plants

When your seedlings are 5 to 6 cm tall, transplant them to pots or garden. Select the healthiest plant and transplant with care without disturbing the roots so that you can grow chillies easily.

Transplant to pot

Select bigger pots and fill them with soil. If your soil does not have organic matter, then add fertilizers like plant food and vermicompost. Water them regularly.

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Transplant to land

Transplant the seedlings to your garden where you find the organic soil and good sunlight. Make sure to water them properly.

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Care to be taken for green chilli plants or chilli pepper plant

• Watering: Water them frequently depending on the season.
• Sunlight: They should get 5 to 6 hours of light daily.
• Fertilizers: In case your plants are not growing well then add fertilizers.
• Pests and diseases: If you are not treating your plants carefully pests may attack. You can spray Neem oil to avoid diseases.

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• Neem oil: Add 20 to 50 ml of neem oil to a liter of water and spray on the plants. If the condition is severe spray it once or twice in a week.

Step 5: Harvest green chillies from your plants

Your chillies are ready to harvest in 80 to 90 days. You can harvest green chillies once they have grown completely. Chillies used for drying are harvested at full ripe-stage which can be turned into chilli powder.

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1. Get chili seeds which is heart shaped and brown in color. Chilli seeds require 20° C to germinate. 

2. You can sow several seeds per pot. Place your chili seeds on top of the soil ( sprinkle the seeds on soil ) and cover with thin layer of soil.

3. Use plastic container rather than terracotta as it draws moisture out of the soil. Chilli ( Capsicumannuum ) like warm and humid conditions.

4. Use a multipurpose compost mix. Water your green chilli seedlings twice a week throughout the growing season to keep the soil moist to a depth of several inches. 

5.Insect and pests that commonly affect green chillies are aphids, cutworms and whiteflies. Use 2 tablespoons cooking oil and 2 tablespoons of baby shampoo with 1 gallon of water to eradicate pests. 

6. Plant grows upto 60 cm height and will be ready for harvesting. Use a pair of sharp scissors to cut the Chilli off the plant, leaving about an inch of the stem attached.

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